Ritalin And Its Uses Essay -- essays research papers

Ritalin and Its Uses In recent years, more and more kids seem to be on a prescription drug called Ritalin(methylphenidate). This drug is being handed out more and more by doctors as a way of treating Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, a complex neurological impairnment that prevents kids from concentrating. According to the Drug Enforcement Agency, it rose fron 200 grams per 100,000 people to over 1400 grams per 100,000 people in the last fifteen years. The National Institute of Mental Health estimates that about one student in every classroom is believed to experience the disorder. The rate of Ritalin use in the United States is at least five times higher than in the rest of the world according to federal studies. Are doctors just catching this disabling affliction more often? Or does society just want a convenient way to solve a complicated problem. Ritalin is a central nervous system stimulant that is somewhat similar to amphetamines. It was created in 1955, classified as a controlled substance in 1971, and became the drug of choice for ADHD in 1981. It is also used in treating narcolepsy. It is thought to activate the brain stem arousal system and cortex, and, like cocaine, works on the neurotransmitter dopamine. It appears to increase the levels of dopamine in the frontal lobe where attention and impulsive actions are regulated. When taken in its intended form under a doctor's prescritption, it has moderate stimulant properties. There has been a great deal of concern about it's addictive qualities and adverse affects. ADHD is a relatively new disorder. It was introduced in 1980, where it was labeled ADD(attention deficit disorder). In the 1950's, children were simply labeled "hyperkinetic." The term "hyperactivity" was added in 1987, hence the name ADHD. Not all children have the hyperactivity, and thus are labeled to have ADD. ADD is not treated with Ritalin; antidepressants are more commonly used. One of the problems with the label ADHD is that just because a child may be overly hyper, doesn't mean the child is not paying attention. The problem is, the child is paying too much attention to too many things at the same time. ADHD is children's #1 childhood psychiatric disorder. The prevalence is three time... ...ere), irregular heartbeat and respiration(may be profound and life threatening), anxiety, restlessness, paranoia, hallucinations, delusions, excessive repetition of movements and meaningless tasks, and formicaton(sensation of bugs or worms crawling under the skin). It seems to be abused by high school kids and college students predominantly. Although the drug is too complex to manufacture illegally, and it doesn't create the euphoric effect that cocaine has, it seems to be an aid in studying for final exams. It allows students to stay up all night allowing them to cram much easier. It is important to remember that too many children in America are suffering from this ailment, and yet too many kids are getting pills instead of proper care. Although Ritalin currently seems to be an effective way in treating Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, we must not treat this disorder hastily. Our society must realize that prescription drugs can have just as many complications as street drugs. Befor writing out a prescription, or carelessly diagnosing ADHD, we must remember that these are kids we are dealing with. They put all their faith in us to help them, and not just to medicate them.

Betrayal Hypothetical

In addition, I will discuss this as it retains to utilitarianism, egoism, and Interpretations of the â€Å"Golden Rule† from Hinduism, Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, and Confucianism. I will also discuss the results by the application to the facts and consider the questions: Was It right for you to forge your client's signature on the register? Would your answer be the same if the client was your child, spouse, or parent? And communicate the positive and negative outcomes of each solution. For me, the level of my relationship with Jane would determine my action.This along with social capital would establish Lorraine of risk, along with accepting Cane's story as the undeniable truth. Social capital Is a reflection of value Invested In a relationship. Tolerance. Com defines Social Capital as: An economic idea that refers to the connections between individuals and entities that can be economically valuable. Social networks that include people who trust and assist each ot her can be a powerful asset. These relationships between individuals and firms can lead to a state in which each will think of the other when something needs to be done.Along with economic capital, social capital is a valuable mechanism In economic growth. Networking Guru Ivan Imines relationships are divided into 3 levels: visibility, creditability, and profitability (PVC Process). In this model relationships are taken through a sequential process begin at visibility, establishment of creditability and development into profitability. Evidence of this type of relationship can be found with Dry Conrad Murray and Michael Jackson and Arthur Anderson and Enron.In both situations social capital along with fear of loss Influenced the Judgment of the reflections and lead to a willingness to bend rules and break laws. This economic idea coexists with the psychological concept of rule of reciprocity and its spiritual counterpart â€Å"the golden rule†. The rule of reciprocity refers t o responding to a positive action with another positive action, in other words rewarding kindness with kindness. This is highly used in advertising along with sales training course.In advertising and sales we are taught that If we can give an Individual something of value, they feel morally obligated to return something of value. The â€Å"golden rule† as fined in Christian theology is â€Å"do unto others as you would have them do unto you†. This can also be found universally in theology around the world. In eastern philosophy the â€Å"golden rule† is known as karma. Egoism believes that human beings by nature are self-fish. In the case of Jane if I applied egoism it would be in my best interest to not break the law to assist the client. To come to this conclusion I did a cost/benefit analysis of the situation.The cost of forging the document Is potentially addition, if I am caught the client my still be punished. The benefit of forging the document is that an innocent person would not potentially receive the death penalty. In the philosophy of utilitarianism I would need to consider my moral obligation to Jane. IT would be my duty to do everything â€Å"legally' within my power to keep her from being found guilty. In this instance I would need to find an alternative solution because forging and document and lying about it is illegal. If the client was a child, spouse, or parent I would feel different about forging the document.

The Global Financial Crisis - 1474 Words

The global financial crisis has raised many concerns for the need to restructure the approach of risk and regulation in the financial sector (KPMG 2011). Figure. 4 has shown the structures of Basel III. It aims to increase the capital and liquidity of banks and therefore maintaining the stability in banking sector with full effect in 2019 (Banks For International Settlements 2011). EUROPE - Preparedness On 26 June of 2013, Capital requirement regulation (CRR) and directive(CRD) has been adopted for Basel III in Europe. Basel III permits the capital buffer increase gradually to 2.5% in 2019 (Banks For International Settlements 2011). There is minor deviation in adapting this approach in Europe. Given that small institution may adapt Basel†¦show more content†¦Secondly, banks will have a more accurate estimate of liquidity by doing cash-flow forecasts and portfolio analysis(Philipp et al. 2010, p. 16). By having a better understanding, banks can then adjust their asset to adjust their short-term asset and liability structure(Philipp et al. 2010, p. 16) to ensure they can fulfill the new capital requirement. More specifically, taking BNP Paribas as an example, it cuts dividend to increase retained earning to boost CET1 capital and sell impair Greek sovereign debt to reduce risk weighted asset (Yuting et al. 2012). From our point of view, banks are all computing different strategies regarding on their own company-specific risk. However, it is common for banks to cut dividends in order to meet the CET1 requirement (Yuting et al. 2012), which deteriorate shareholders’ interest. Potential Challenges: (1) Capital stress (2) Funding stress For simpler explanation, four banks from Europe are selected namely, BNP Paribas, Banco Santander, Deutsche Bank and Unicredit for comparison. The European Banking Authority (EBA) requires banks to reach a Common Equity Tier 1 ratio of 9% by the end of June 2012 (P.15HECparis). This period is shorter than the one set by Basel III. This imposes extra stress on banks to increase their liquidity within a short time. Furthermore, EBA has also decided a Stress Test in 2011 based on the RWAs, CET1 and buffer. Compared to other banks, Banco Santander in Spain would have the largest shortfall ofShow MoreRelatedThe Global Financial Crisis And The Crisis Essay1244 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction The Global Financial Crisis, also known as The Great Recession, broke out in the United States of America in the middle of 2007 and continued on until 2008. There were many factors that contributed to the cause of The Global Financial Crisis and many effects that emerged, because the impact it had on the financial system. The Global Financial Crisis started because of house market crash in 2007. There were many factors that contributed to the housing market crash in 2007. These factorsRead MoreFinancial Crisis : A Global Crisis Essay1729 Words   |  7 PagesOverview: The 2008 financial crisis is notably one of the worst financial disasters in American history. It began with a large financial bubble, in which many investment, real estate, and insurance companies made millions. When the bubble burst, stock markets fell, these companies collapsed, and economies of supposedly strong nations were brought to their knees. Not only did the financial crisis severely affect the economy of the United States, but the international markets as well. At the timeRead MoreGlobal Financial Crisis : Crisis1213 Words   |  5 PagesGlobal Financial Crisis In July of 2007, the global financial crisis was initiated from the property market in the United States. The crisis was criticized regarding to a security called sub-prime mortgages. Sub-prime mortgage is an idea created by the financial institutions to gain more profit by easily giving loans to lower income borrowers or low credit rating borrowers. When the borrowers default the loan, the bank then have the right to take away the ownership of the property and sell it forRead MoreThe Global Financial Crisis642 Words   |  3 PagesThe Global Financial Crisis has had a huge impact on the global economy. The American housing market collapses, the house price drops significantly and the bank is losing lots of money, however, people are not pursued in court for money or declared bankruptcy. People tend to spend less on the due to their houses worth less than the bank has loaned originally and some of them are still committed to clearing off their mortgages. This causes less activity in housing market and sales market, hence moreRead MoreThe Global Financial Crisis1580 Words   |  7 PagesIn the following essay, I will briefly summarize some of the main events leading up to the global financial crisis. Following this, I will discuss the effect this had on the banks and ergo the credit supply, then examine how this contributed to t he corporate failure. I will also pay some attention to how the market imperfection can affect firms real decisions. Finally, I will sum up the main points of the essay. The banking panic of the fall of 2008 set economies around the world into a severeRead MoreGlobal Financial Crisis1408 Words   |  6 Pagesis explained the occurrence of the global financial crisis in 2008. It has shown that lots of companies have bankrupted and millions of people lose their jobs and homes around the world. Such as United States, Iceland, England, France, Singapore and China. There is a sentence in this film has make me impressed, which is â€Å" the poorest always pay the most.† The director has separated this film into five parts, which are How we get there, The Bubbles, The Crisis, Accountability and Where we are nowRead MoreThe Global Financial Crisis711 Words   |  3 PagesThere is no smoke without fire. The global financial crisis caused from hundreds of thousands of decisions and changes from different areas. The America government, Wall Street and the Rating Agencies put on this world-shaking show together. And to be more specific, the top officials in politics and finance pull strings behind the senses. Applying Mintzberg’s ten management roles model as a frame, the America government, Wall Street and the Rating Agencies are correspondingly divided into three categoriesRead MoreGlobal Financial Crisis 1067 Words   |  5 PagesThe best evidence so far for the existence of an American empire, despite denials to the contrary, is the Global Financial Crisis (GFC). The persistent removal of restrictions and oversights on the domestic financial system of the US, combined with the decisions of individual firms, other governments and foreign financial organisations, culminated in the singe largest depreciation of assets and currency valuations in history, surpassing even the Great Depression in its extents. The United StatesRead MoreThe Global Financial Crisis2317 Words   |  10 PagesDuring the run-up to the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) 2008 there were numerous contributing factors. One can observe the start of the crisis as a cascading timeline starting possibly decades earlier with the change to a deregulatory culture. The prevailing political environment in the lead up to the financial crisis was one of de-regulation with a focus to economic expansion. This political imperative towards deregulation started under President Reagan in the US and culminated at the turn of theRead MoreThe Global Financial Crisis3204 Words   |  13 PagesThe Global Financial crisis, which is believed to have begun during July 2007 due to a credit crunch was caused because there was a large liquidity crisis due to lack of confidence amongst the US investors in judging the value of the subprime mortgages. (Davies, 2014) Now let’s look at what happened at the 2008 global financial crisis. I am not getting into the details but just giving a simple overall picture of what went wrong. The years just before the crisis saw a flood of irresponsible mortgage

The Great Love Story of Cupid and Psyche

The Importance of the Biology/Society Dualism to the...

The Importance of the Biology/Society Dualism to the Gendered Body The body has played an important part in sociology to explain the differences between the two sexes, and why these differences exist. A lot of social debate is about the relationship between the biological and the social. At one end of the debate there are those who see activities such as sexual behaviour entirely based on biology, they are called biological determinists who argue that there is biological bases for child rearing and different sexual orientations and also refer to pre- programmed behaviour. At the other end of the scale are those who see sexual and other kinds of behaviour as entirely social constructed, they see†¦show more content†¦The gendered body is not formed by society and discourses it is purely created due to the biological make up of the different sexes. Jordanova (cited in Shilling: 2003: 38) argues that the reproductive are what determine the gendered body and what determines the differences between males and females. The conditions of womens embodiment were ruled by natural cycles, which was concerned and based on pregnancy, childbirth and menstruation. This is a big difference to men, as they did not have any of this embodiments, mens embodiment allowed their minds a greater degree of freedom, This identifies that men had more access to pursue careers and be the breadwinner and work in the public sphere as women were unable to do this as their bodies functioned in a different way and things like pregnancy affect a womans ability to work and carry out tasks. This identifies that it is the biology of the different sexes that creates the gendered body. These views frequently favour men and it is to their advantage for example Murdock identifies that biological differences between men and women are the basis of sexual division of labour in society (1965: 124). HeShow MoreRelatedOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesmachine Level 3: ‘Get the structure and systems right so that all is in balance’ Level 4: ‘The machine is alive! – well, almost’ How modernist organization theory underpins conventional understandings of the relationship between organizations and society Is bureaucracy immoral? Form fits function: how modernist organizational theory challenges the relationship between individuals, groups and the organization through bureaucracy and hierarchy The virtuous bureaucracy Modernist themes in organizational

Tom Brady Biography Free Essays

There are many famous sports figures in the world today. Some are known as loud, obnoxious or stuck up. Tom Brady is non of these, Tom is a great person and athlete on and off the field. We will write a custom essay sample on Tom Brady Biography or any similar topic only for you Order Now Tom was born in San Francisco on August 3rd in 1977. He was born into a very catholic family, his uncle was a priest and his father also considered being a priest. Tom is one of four children, he is the only boy, he has three sisters. Tom was a family type of guy, he went to church and after played golf with his father every week. Tom grew up playing mostly baseball and was very good at it. He didn’t even play football before high school. Tom went to a special high school for baseball. It ended up that’s where Toms football career would begin. He took an interest in football because he liked the feeling of being on a team, and bonding with the players. When he realized his high schools football team was in need of a quarterback, he tried out immediately. He went to a camp for quarterbacks, where he ultimately learned the basic skills of a quarterback. Brady had success as a high school quarterback, playing on team in a school that was known to be unsuccessful at football. When Brady graduated high school, he knew what he wanted to do was play football, not baseball. He struggled to find a college where he could have a legitimate chance to be a starting quarterback. Most collages turned him down because of his size, thinking he was to skinny, he was 5’9† 180 lbs. Brady tried to find a college near his home town San Francisco, but that didn’t happen. Tom was accepted a Michigan. He began his college career as the fourth string quarterback during his freshman year. His second year Tom ran into medical problems, he lost a lot of weight, dropping his weight to 160. That year he didn’t see significant playing time. Tom Bradys third year of college he was ready to compete for the starting QB job. He was competing with Brian Greise, son of famous NFL quarterback Bob Greise. In a very competitive competition, Brady clearly won, although it was said that Greise got the starting job because his father had something to do with it. Brady was clearly frustrated because he was clearly the better Michigan quarterback. His frustration mounted though out the season due to his lack of opportunity. In Toms fourth year Griese graduated and went to the NFL. The starting job was Toms. Although Tom was the starter, another Michigan quarterback controversy began. Michigan brought in what they though was an extremely talented and athletic quarterback in Drew Henson. Due to Henson’s high expectations, the Michigan coach devised a system in which Brady would start the first quarter and Henson would start the second and who ever played the best would finish the game in the second half. Obviously, this was a stupid idea and Brady hated it. But, Tom played through his frustration and won the job back as the full-time starter. To cap off this season Michigan went on to win the orange bowl under Bradys leadership. Following his final season at Michigan Brady graduated with a degree in organized business studies. Brady was always very focused in his studies , with reflects the countless hours he puts in watching film and studying the opponents defense. Brady was very devoted to being the best he could, doing everything he could to get better which separated him from several other college and even NFL players. The next portion of Bradys football career began with the NFL draft. Several teams didn’t want Brady, again, because he was skinny. The frustration mounted when Brady wasn’t drafted in the 1st,2nd, 3rd, 4th or 5th round. Tom was at home with his family, ready to leave, when he received a call from Bill Belicheck, telling him that he was selected by the New England Patriots in the 6th round the 199th pick overall. Toms first year with the patriots he was the 4th string QB, he worked with a group of rookies and the coaches saw a leadership quality he had. Brady, always a hard worker, attended all the off season work outs the following year and this showed another sign of his true determination. The 2001 season is when it really all began for Tom Brady. He started the season as the teams backup to Drew Bledsoe. In the second game of the season Brady had his first real chance to prove him self as an NFL QB. Drew Bledsoe was knocked out for weeks with an injury, clearing the way for Brady to the starter. Bradys transition to starter went smoothly, he and the whole team had a great relationship. Brady urged and motivated the players to work hard, and it paid off. All in the same season Brady lead the patriots to the Super Bowl. They were 12 point underdogs to the St. Louis Rams. Brady and the Patriots won the Super Bowl and this was the beginning of making him the icon he is today. Tom Brady is a true Legend already, only in his 7th NFL season. He has already won three Super Bowls, two super bowl MVPs and one NFL MVP. Tom Brady shows how devotion, hard work and dedication all can make dreams come true. Brady started off as a skinny quarterback who no one really wanted, he proved them all wrong by everything he did and is a true NFL legend. How to cite Tom Brady Biography, Papers

Communicable Disease for Staphylococcus Poisoning- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Communicable Disease for Staphylococcus Poisoning. Answer: The outbreak of Staphylococcus food poisoning when traced back with the two kitchen staffs. One was well but has positive pathogen detected in the nasal swab but other has a septic finger. (Derde, et al, 2014). Between the two one that is well and has positive swab infection is said to be colonized among the two carriers this is because the colonization of the microbes take place is that after infection even if it grows in the body, it do not cause any symptoms. If the syringe of H.I.V positive user is shared, then H.I.V will spread. The H.I.V virus is the source. Transmission of the disease occurs when any normal person uses the same syringe of the infected person. The latent H.I.V viruses have the reservoirs in the immune cells. The reservoirs can be found throughout the body including brain, lymph nodes, blood and even in the digestive glands. After entering the body the virus inserts their genetic blueprint, D.NA into the host immune cells such as the CD4 cells. It remains latent when it manufactures the proteins. After the proteins are produced, the immune system gets totally disrupted. In any endemic area, when other influences are equal, immunogenicity is inversely proportional to the transmissibility. This is because the speed with which the immunity develops in the population is inversely related. Immunogenicity is the ability of the organism to produce the immune response and provides shielding affect against reinfection. In endemic conditions the immunogenicity becomes thus inversely proportion to the transmission because as the immune response increase in a population, the less will be the expression of the infections and less will be the spread of the disease in a population. The reason behind the influence of the antigenic variation and the immunogenicity is that when antigenic variation occurs the pathogens can change their surface proteins in order to evade the immune response of the host (Coscolla et al, 2015). Antigenic variation not only causes immune evasion by the pathogens but also allows the re infection for the pathogens. This is because due to antigenic variation their antigens are no longer recognized by the host immune response. When any organism is exposed to any antigen then it produces antibodies and the immune response is generated. Thus with antigenic variation, there is the alteration of the proteins and carbohydrate molecules. If there is genetic variation, there will be the antigenic variation that will support the acquired immune response. Poliomyelitus is the virus transmitted infectious disease. This mainly affects the children. The virus is spread between the persons mainly through the faecal oral route as given in the case study. Since the virus invades the nervous system paralysis occurs. In the endemic case, it mainly affects a particular age group because at the age below 5 the children are in the process of acquiring immunity, as a result, the immune response is not that strong to resist the attack of the foreign pathogens of polio. However the pathogenicity does increase with age, Again infection is followed by lifelong strain specific immunity. The clinical and subclinical ratio will give the approximate estimation of the symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals in a population for any endemic infectious disease. After knowing the scenario of hepatitis infection, it can be known that hepatitis mainly infects the adult population than the children. The spread of hepatitis A occurs widespread in the Australian and American adults in the workplace. So while advising the Community Aid Abroad, the protection of the overseas working environment, the preventive measures can be suggested to them (Mohd Hanafiah et al, 2013). The blood awareness alert which by making them know about the spread of the pathogen through the blood. They must be given advice on the use of protective barriers like the gloves, gowns, masks. The protective measures will reduce the risk of exposure of the health care workers skin or mucus membrane. For individual worker, they can be also given advice the use of protective barriers while working in the workplace. Sexually transmitted infections are blood borne and they are of significant health concerns in Australia. It is the part of continued response to the Western Australian Department of health. They update the clinical guidelines for the promotion of best practice for the management of health issues related to sexually transmitted. They provide specialized advice for the HIV and other STD (Villarino, et al, 2015). They contain the most updated version of the evidence based practice and recommendations that the professionals can launch to control the diseases. They provide the wide range of testing and treatment facilities (Des Jarlais et al, 2015). The blue book gives the guidelines for control of infectious diseases in Australia that has been published with the help of Communicable diseases prevention and control units of the Victorian department of Health that assist the practitioners of the health departments in control and prevention of the infectious diseases. They provide the guidelines of the requirements and the notification of cause of infectious disease. They even identify the infectious agents of the diseases (Sharland et al, 2016). The incubation period, reservoir, latent period, mode of transmission, the period of communicability, susceptibility, and resistance are given for any infectious disease. They inform about the control measures for patients and contact and the outbreak measures to prevent an endemic condition. The control of communicable disease manual is the book that refers to the identification and control of any infectious disease. The public health is always concerned with the control of communicable diseases. This will provide the most updated version of the control measures that can be taken to resist the outcome. This book very well explains the infection and transmission of the leading Zika virus that has developed recently. They will give the views in the strategic development of the guidance based latest science and help in managing the public health professionals. Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted infection that is caused by the pathogen Neisseria gonorrhoea, the agent of the disease. This coffee bean shaped diplococci bacteria cause the pathogenesis in the environment through the sexually transmitted infection. The bacteria cause pelvic inflammation of women and causes infertility. The NT and STI Control of the guidelines recommend the antibiotic treatment which is immediate for the high risk and symptomatic people affected with Chlamydia and gonorrhoea, without the wait for the confirmatory tests to be done. This has helped to prevent the disease because the antibiotic kills the bacteria before it changes into its virulent nature after integrating its DNA prints into the host. The symptoms naturally develop not before 30 days. The latent period of the bacteria is due to the insertion of its genetic material into the host genome. But the prevention procedure has helped a lot to prevent the outcome of the disease as the pathogens will be killed beforehand and the symptoms will not emerge (Templeton et al, 2014). The two other control methods for STI, they are the use of latex condoms, avoid sharing of the towels, get tested for H.I.V. These can lot prevent the transmission of the sexually transmitted bacteria s most of the bacteria is transmitted by the fluid and blood contact with the infectious person. The increase of gonorrhea in the population may have been due to the sexual contact with the infected person and the antibiotic resistance of the bacteria (Ventola, 2015). The antibiotic resistance has failed to kill the disease in time as a result of the increase in infection, greater has been its transmissibility. Even the higher dose of ceftriaxone by injection and other antibiotics have not shown the preventive effects, as a result, the infectious disease ruled with pathogenesis and also became communicable. Disease number Non disease number Total Positive number 750 150 900 Negative number 50 9050 9100 total 800 9200 10,000 Sensitivity- 750/ (750+50) * 100 = 93.75% Specificity- 150/ (150+9050) * 100 = 1.63% Positive predictive value- 750/ (750+150) * 100 = 83.33% Negative predictive value- 9200/ (9200+800) * 100 = 92% The percentage of asymptomatics of women and men for gonorrhoea will give the ability to define the case in a population that is notified to get affected. It will give the warning system to detect the outbreak. It is a very practical approach to identify the communicable disease by increasing the number of false positive. Thus the percentages of the asymptomatic for the men and women will give the sensitivity in the surveillance of a disease. In the epidemiological characteristics, the apparent asymptomatic rates of men and women refer that women in the population are less affected than male. The male has the more chance in that population to be affected with gonorrhea. For sensitive case definition, the example for a communicable disease can be chicken pox and hepatitis. This disease surveillance is based on the proportion of actual cases in a population. For specific case definition, the communicable disease that can be used is H.I.V because it depends on the specific agent. It will give the more accurate description for the cases but at the expense of missing true cases. References Coscolla, M., Copin, R., Sutherland, J., Gehre, F., de Jong, B., Owolabi, O., ... Gagneux, S. (2015). M. tuberculosis T cell epitope analysis reveals paucity of antigenic variation and identifies rare variable TB antigens.Cell host microbe,18(5), 538-548. Derde, L. P., Cooper, B. S., Goossens, H., Malhotra-Kumar, S., Willems, R. J., Gniadkowski, M., ... Arago, I. (2014). Interventions to reduce colonisation and transmission of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in intensive care units: an interrupted time series study and cluster randomised trial.The Lancet infectious diseases,14(1), 31-39. Des Jarlais, D. C., Nugent, A., Solberg, A., Feelemyer, J., Mermin, J., Holtzman, D. (2015). Syringe service programs for persons who inject drugs in urban, suburban, and rural areasUnited States, 2013.MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep,64(48), 1337-41. Mohd Hanafiah, K., Groeger, J., Flaxman, A. D., Wiersma, S. T. (2013). Global epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection: New estimates of age?specific antibody to HCV seroprevalence.Hepatology,57(4), 1333-1342. Sharland, M., Butler, K., Cant, A., Dagan, R., Davies, G., de Groot, R., ... Giaquinto, C. (Eds.). (2016).Manual of childhood infections: the blue book. Oxford University Press. Templeton, D. J., Read, P., Varma, R., Bourne, C. (2014). Australian sexually transmissible infection and HIV testing guidelines for asymptomatic men who have sex with men 2014: a review of the evidence.Sexual Health,11(3), 217-229. Ventola, C. L. (2015). The antibiotic resistance crisis: part 1: causes and threats.Pharmacy and Therapeutics,40(4), 277. Villarino, M. E., Scott, N. A., Weis, S. E., Weiner, M., Conde, M. B., Jones, B. (2015). for the International Maternal Pediatric and Adolescents AIDS Clinical Trials Group (IMPAACT) and the Tuberculosis Trials Consortium (TBTC). Treatment for preventing tuberculosis in children and adolescents: a randomized clinical trial of a 3-Month, 12-dose regimen of a combination of rifapentine and isoniazid.JAMA Pediatr,169(3), 247-255.